Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a life-saving technology for critically ill neonates and children with severe heart or lung failure. ECMO temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs, providing oxygen to the blood and removing carbon dioxide. It allows the organs to rest and heal, improving survival rates in conditions like congenital diaphragmatic hernia, sepsis, and respiratory distress syndrome. With advanced monitoring and specialized care, ECMO offers hope and improved outcomes for the youngest and most vulnerable patients.